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The claims of male fertility pills are rarely backed by evidence, a recent study co-authored by a Cleveland Clinic doctor found.

Dr. Neel Parekh says men account for up to 50 percent of infertility among couples trying to conceive. Some of these men might turn to over-the-counter pills marketed as increasing fertility.

鈥淭hey all sound tempting, but you have to be aware of a lot of these extravagant claims because it鈥檚 not necessarily what it seems,鈥� he said.

The bottle might say it鈥檚 been tested in a clinical trial, but Parekh鈥檚 research, published in the journal Urology, shows that鈥檚 not always true.

The U.S. fertility supplements market is valued at over $400 million, according to , and male supplements often contain things like vitamin E and selenium.  

That鈥檚 a lot of money spent on something that probably won鈥檛 work, Parekh said. Many factors 鈥� like genetics, lifestyle, anatomy and hormones 鈥� can all play a role in male infertility, he said.

鈥淲e try to diagnose men when we can with one of those issues and those can be treated appropriately depending on what the underlying cause is,鈥� he said.

If taken without a doctor鈥檚 supervision, male fertility pills could potentially have the opposite effect, or cause other health issues, like kidney stones.